Comparison
Ketamine vs MDMA-assisted therapy (research-stage)
MDMA-assisted therapy is investigational and primarily studied for PTSD. Ketamine is clinically available and used for depression, with growing PTSD research.
Medically reviewed by: Pending medical review(draft)Last updated: June 4, 2026Evidence: Educational synthesis - not medical advice
Ketamine
MDMA-assisted therapy
Mechanism
NMDA-receptor antagonism.
Serotonin, norepinephrine, and oxytocin release; reduced amygdala reactivity.
Evidence
Established for TRD; emerging for PTSD.
Phase 3 PTSD trials; regulatory path evolving.
Onset
Hours to days.
Course of 2-3 sessions paired with therapy.
Duration
Days to weeks per session.
Months after a completed course in studies.
Side effects
Dissociation, BP changes.
Jaw clenching, fatigue, mood changes post-session; cardiovascular caution.
Access
Clinics today.
Research and expanded-access programs only as of mid-2026.
Best for
Depression, certain PTSD presentations under clinical care.
PTSD in research contexts, paired with structured therapy.
Limits
Variable durability.
Legal status, scarce access.
Educational use only. The content on this page is provided for general educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Ketamine and related therapies carry risks and are appropriate only under qualified medical supervision. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional about your individual situation. Information may change as research evolves.