Movement & Exercise for Mental Health
A 2023 BMJ umbrella review found exercise's effect on depression rivals first-line psychotherapy in many studies.
This page has been written and edited by the publisher. It has not been reviewed by a licensed clinician.
What works
- Aerobic exercise: walking, cycling, swimming — strong effect on depression.
- Resistance training: comparable effects, especially for anxiety.
- Yoga and tai chi: smaller but reliable benefits, particularly for anxiety.
- Outdoor movement: amplifies mood effects via light exposure and nature contact.
Mechanisms
Exercise raises BDNF, improves HPA-axis regulation, reduces inflammation, and increases self-efficacy — a stack of effects that compounds over weeks.
Publisher and editor of Ketalux, based in Chicago, Illinois. Ira is a ketamine therapy patient, not a clinician. This is editorial review, not medical review: Ira is not a licensed clinician and does not provide diagnosis or medical care. Ketalux does not accept compensation from providers in exchange for favorable editorial coverage, evidence ratings, recommendations, patient referrals, or organic provider ranking. Read the full publisher disclosure →
Educational use only. The content on this page is provided for general educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Ketamine and related therapies carry risks and are appropriate only under qualified medical supervision. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional about your individual situation. Information may change as research evolves.