How Ketamine Works: Mechanism Deep-Dives
Ketamine's antidepressant action is not a single mechanism — it's a cascade. These pages unpack each link.
Explore each mechanism
NMDA Receptor Antagonism
The starting point — but only the first chapter of the story.
AMPA Receptors & the Glutamate Surge
Why the downstream burst may matter more than the initial block.
BDNF & the mTOR Pathway
How ketamine triggers rapid synaptic protein synthesis.
Synaptogenesis & Spine Density
New connections form within hours, not weeks.
The Opioid System Question
An unresolved debate about whether mu-opioid activity contributes to effects.
The Neurobiology of Dissociation
What's happening when ego boundaries soften — and why it may matter therapeutically.
Educational use only. The content on this page is provided for general educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Ketamine and related therapies carry risks and are appropriate only under qualified medical supervision. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional about your individual situation. Information may change as research evolves.