Treatment-resistant depression (TRD)
Depression that has not responded adequately to standard treatments.
This page has been written and edited by the publisher. It has not been reviewed by a licensed clinician.
TRD is typically defined as failure to respond to at least two adequate trials of antidepressants. Ketamine and esketamine are most studied in this population.
Related terms
- Esketamine (Spravato) — FDA-approved S-enantiomer of ketamine, delivered intranasally.
- SSRI — Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor - a class of antidepressants.
Definitions are educational and general. They are not medical advice.
Publisher and editor of Ketalux, based in Chicago, Illinois. Ira is a ketamine therapy patient, not a clinician. This is editorial review, not medical review: Ira is not a licensed clinician and does not provide diagnosis or medical care. Ketalux does not accept compensation from providers in exchange for favorable editorial coverage, evidence ratings, recommendations, patient referrals, or organic provider ranking. Read the full publisher disclosure →
Educational use only. The content on this page is provided for general educational purposes and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Ketamine and related therapies carry risks and are appropriate only under qualified medical supervision. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional about your individual situation. Information may change as research evolves.